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Meds That Treat Anxiety

Anxiety is one of the most prevalent mental health conditions which affects more than 40 million people in the United States. It's extremely treatable with numerous medications available.

SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), like Zoloft, Prozac, Lexapro and Effexor, work to alleviate anxiety by raising levels of the chemical serotonin in the brain. They aren't addictive, unlike benzodiazepines.

SSRIs

The most commonly used anxiety medication is selective serotonin reuptake inhibits (SSRIs) which include citalopram, escitalopram, and fluoxetine. These drugs are also used to treat depression as well as relieve symptoms of other anxiety disorders such as obsessive compulsive disorder. They may take up to a month for them to start working.

They work by increasing the amount of certain chemical messengers in the brain, including serotonin and norepinephrine. They are usually the first option for anxiety, however doctors may also prescribe other kinds of antidepressants and benzodiazepines.

Antidepressants like duloxetine (Cymbalta), and venlafaxine, (Effexor) are also used to treat anxiety. They operate a bit differently from SSRIs in that they reduce the reabsorption of norepinephrine as well as serotonin, but at lower levels than SSRIs. These medicines may take some time to take effects, and also are more expensive than SSRIs.

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) like imipramine (Tofranil) can be effective in treating certain anxiety disorders, including GAD. Their drowsiness, and other adverse effects, make them less popular. Monoamine oxide inhibitors (MAOIs) are a different kind of antidepressant that can be used to combat anxiety. However, their restrictions on diet and the risk of toxicity limit their usage.

Benzodiazepines are often used to combat anxiety and panic attacks in the short term for instance, when waiting for SSRIs or SNRIs to take effect. These drugs can lead to dependence, tolerance, and sedation, as well as withdrawal symptoms such a depression, anxiety, and delirium. Benzodiazepines are commonly found in alprazolam as well as clonazepam and lorazepam.

Therapy is an essential component of the treatment for anxiety, as it helps you discover more about the symptoms and their reasons. Many people find that therapy and medication both aid in coping. Certain studies have proven that cognitive behavioral therapy can be just as effective as medications for anxiety. Talk to your doctor about your options and what is the best option for you.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines can have a calming effect, reduce anxiety and relax muscles that are tense. They also ease symptoms of bodily arousal related to fear (like heart racing and trembling) and encourage sleep.

They function by binding to inhibitory neurons, like GABA or gamma aminobutryic acids at receptors in the central nervous system. They enhance the effects of GABA by activating its inhibitory effect on other neurotransmitters while reducing the number of messages that are transmitted to the amygdala, a region of the brain that assesses threats and produces the feeling of fear.

These medications can be utilized for short durations of time like when you experience a panic attack or if you're experiencing severe anxiety. They may relieve symptoms within 30 to 60 minutes. Benzodiazepines are, in contrast to SSRIs don't stay in the body for long. They are fast-acting and often perform in just a few hours, which makes them ideal for situations where immediate relief is required (like during a flight or before giving an address in public).

Since they can be addictive, people are usually prescribed up to four weeks at a go. After that time, they also cease to be effective.

One of the main reasons the benzodiazepines became so well-known is that they were effective and had a few adverse effects, when compared to their predecessors, such as meprobamate or barbiturates. They are safe and have a rapid start, and can be used as anxiolytics in order to reduce anxiety. They can also be used as sedatives, anticonvulsants and muscle relaxants.

Benzos were blamed for negative attitudes towards anxiety that emerged in the 1970s and 80s which included the reduction of the disorder, as well as the belief that benzodiazepine treatment lead to physical dependence. Despite this, they continue to play a crucial role in the treatment of anxiety disorders, specifically in combination with psychosocial interventions like cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapy.

Benzos can interact with other drugs and trigger unwanted side effects, such as drowsiness, confusion or drowsiness. It is essential to inform your doctor know about any other prescription, non-prescription or herbal medications you're considering or taking. You can find out which medications are safe to take with benzodiazepines by looking up the British National Formulary A-Z list of medication interactions.

Antidepressants

Antidepressants can be effective in treating anxiety and other mental conditions. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, antidepressants -- like SSRIs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) -- can help reduce chronic anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The FDA has approved many antidepressants to treat other health conditions, too, such as eating disorders, certain kinds of pain, and bipolar disorder.

Most doctors recommend SSRIs as the first line treatment for anxiety, however these medications may not be effective for everyone. If the antidepressants do not work doctors may suggest an older form of medication known as a tetracyclic or tricyclic antidepressant. These include amitriptyline and nortriptyline, clomipramine, dothiepin, doxepin, trimipramine or imipramine. These antidepressants aren't as common but are still readily available. Your doctor may prescribe the antidepressant that sedates, trazodone (Desyrel) at lower doses to treat anxiety or insomnia.

Other antidepressants that could help are nefazodone (Ferdinand) and duloxetine (Cymbalta). They're also available in generic forms. If they don't work your doctor, you can try the antipsychotics quetiapine or olanzapine or the sedating antidepressant Mirtazapine.

Medications for other anxiety disorders include beta blockers that reduce the heart rate and blood pressure by preventing the action of adrenaline. These medications aren't typically used to treat anxiety on their own, but they can be effective when coupled with psychotherapy.

Psychotherapy can assist you to alter negative thoughts and behaviors that cause anxiety. It can help you learn to control your anxiety, and develop coping strategies. Based on your specific health condition, you could be treated with exposure or cognitive behavioural therapy. Cognitive behavioural therapy helps you overcome negative thoughts, fears and avoidance of situations that trigger your anxiety. Exposure therapy involves gradually increasing the severity of anxiety-inducing situations until you are able to handle them. It can be carried out either in a group, or by yourself. In both instances, the results take time to appear. A combination of medication and psychotherapy therapy is the best option for some individuals. Some people discover that medications alone are sufficient to treat their symptoms. Tell your doctor how to treat anxiety without meds you manage your symptoms.

Other Medications

Although benzodiazepines and antidepressants are the most commonly prescribed medications to treat anxiety, other drugs can help alleviate your symptoms as well. Antihistamines and beta blockers are often prescribed to alleviate anxiety.

These medications correct an imbalance in the brain's chemicals and can help alleviate symptoms by reducing or blocking signals that can cause anxiety and stress. They're not a panacea. You will still need to do things to reduce anxiety, such as exercises relaxation techniques, relaxation techniques and psychological therapy.

Your doctor could initially prescribe one of the "first choices" anxiety treatment for autism (Source) medications, which include SSRIs and SNRIs. They are the most effective medications for treating anxiety disorders according to research studies. SSRIs are typically found in sertraline (Zoloft) and the fluoxetine, citalopram and escitalopram. These drugs may cause minor side effects, such as nausea or insomnia, but they typically subside within 4-8 weeks. They are not addictive, and they do not increase the likelihood of suicidal ideas.

The benzodiazepines such as alprazolam diazepoxide and clonazepam (Valium) are a quick relief from panic and anxiety attacks. However, they may cause side effects such as dizziness and drowsiness. They can also cause memory and coordination issues, and may even cause dependence. They're not as popular than the older barbiturates, but are just as efficient.

Antihistamines such as Vistaril (hydroxyzine) were initially developed to relieve allergies. However they can also be used to alleviate anxiety symptoms. Hydroxyzine blocks the histamine receptors in the brain, and can trigger a calming effect. It is not a controlled drug, so it does not carry the same risk of addiction as benzodiazepines.

Another kind of medication that can aid with anxiety is a class called anticonvulsants. They've been proven to reduce anxiety by affecting the release and production of dopamine and serotonin. These medications can be prescribed as part of a combination therapy or to treat anxiety in the short-term. Your doctor will assess your health history and symptoms to determine if these drugs are suitable for you. They will discuss the length of time you'll need to take these medications as well as any possible side effects that may occur. Anxiety medication is only available through prescription, which means that a psychiatrist will be required to prescribe it.